Opportunities & Challenges with Solid State Batteries

Current state-of-the-art LIBs based on intercalation chemistry are nearing the maximum energy density limit (≤ 300 Wh/kg), whereas solid-state LIBs with thicker electrodes and high areal capacity (> 6 mAh/cm2) under the same electrochemistry might attain ≥ 450 Wh/kg. This value could go even higher to ~ 600 Wh/kg with the incorporation of an anode with a high Si content or lithium-metal as an anode. In addition, solid electrolytes are relatively stable up to 5 V, making them good candidates for integration with high voltage cathodes, allowing for high energy density; while liquid electrolytes deteriorate at higher potentials, restricting their usage with high-voltage cathodes. Considering safety is the most important factor, batteries with thermally robust solid-state electrolytes could be safer than those with flammable liquid electrolytes. Furthermore, prolonged cycle life is also possible with solid electrolyte because the parasitic reaction of liquid electrolyte, the primary cause of capacity loss, is minimized. In this talk, I would discuss on advantages and some challenges in the development of solid electrolytes with high Li-ion conductivity and enhanced interfacial stability.