Embedded Metal Mesh as Highly Transparent Conductive Film and Heaters

A hybrid printing approach is presented for making embedded metal mesh as transparent conductive film, with the lowest sheet resistance of 0.03ohm/sq. while still maintaining 86% transparency. Roll-to-roll mass manufacturing of the metal mesh transparent conductive films have been realized for touch panels which have been commercialized in a number brand name display devices. The high surface conductivity of embedded metal mesh also opened up a number other applications in addition to touch panels, such as transparent EMI shielding, transparent heating, wearable thermal healing and high density flexible circuits, etc.