Noëlla LEMAITRE | CEA: Can a 72-hour accelerated laboratory test accurately predict months of real-world outdoor perovskite degradation?
00:09:29.535 - 00:11:55.235
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Can a 72-hour accelerated laboratory test accurately predict months of real-world outdoor perovskite degradation?
Developing reliable perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells requires years of outdoor stability testing, which creates a massive bottleneck for rapid materials screening. To accelerate commercialization, researchers must develop laboratory-scale aging protocols that mimic real-world degradation pathways. The core challenge is ensuring that accelerated thermal and light stresses produce identical failure mechanisms to those seen in the field.
CEA validated a high-throughput testing methodology by comparing real-world outdoor performance with accelerated indoor tests. In outdoor summer monitoring over 2.5 months, tandem cells showed a characteristic open-circuit voltage drop due to the formation of charge extraction barriers. The team successfully replicated this exact degradation signature using both a 100-hour illuminated MPPT test at 55°C and an unencapsulated 72-hour open-circuit voltage light-soaking test.
This correlation proves that severe, unencapsulated laboratory light-soaking tests can serve as reliable, fast-screening tools for evaluating raw materials. By using these accelerated protocols, researchers can identify the most durable hole transport layers and interface passivation techniques within days rather than waiting for months of outdoor testing.
In this short video, you can learn:
* How accelerated aging protocols are correlated with real-world summer outdoor degradation.
* The primary failure mechanisms, including VOC drops and charge extraction barrier formation.
* The utility of unencapsulated light-soaking tests as rapid material-screening tools.
📋 **Clip Abstract** CEA demonstrates a direct correlation between outdoor tandem cell degradation and accelerated indoor laboratory testing. By replicating real-world VOC losses in a 72-hour unencapsulated light-soaking test, they establish a rapid screening protocol for solar cell materials.
#PerovskiteSiliconTandems, #AcceleratedAgingProtocols, #LightSoakingTest, #ChargeExtractionBarriers, #PerovskitePhotovoltaics, #SolarCellStability
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Challenges for upscaling Perovskite/Silicon tandem solar cells
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00:02:09.685 - 00:04:02.245
Can low-temperature screen-printed metallization replace evaporated silver grids in industrial-scale perovskite-silicon tandems?
Can low-temperature screen-printed metallization replace evaporated silver grids in industrial-scale perovskite-silicon tandems?
At the laboratory scale, perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells have achieved remarkable efficiencies, such as the 30.8% demonstrated by CEA on a 9 square centimeter aperture. However, these record-setting devices rely on evaporated silver grids that suffer from severe shading losses of up to 14%. Transitioning to commercial manufacturing requires high-throughput metallization techniques that do not compromise the delicate perovskite top cell.
To address this challenge, researchers developed a low-temperature screen-printing solution utilizing silver pastes that cure below 120°C. This specialized thermal window is critical to prevent thermal degradation of the underlying perovskite and organic transport layers. By optimizing the grid design, the team successfully mitigated grid shading losses, reducing them from 14% to under 3%.
This metallization breakthrough enabled the team to achieve a near-30% maximum power point tracking efficiency at a small scale and successfully scale up to a larger 100 square centimeter device. The larger aperture tandem module maintained a highly competitive 26.3% efficiency, paving the way for commercial-scale cell fabrication.
In this short video, you can learn:
* How low-temperature curing silver pastes protect perovskite layers during metallization.
* The engineering methods used to reduce grid shading from 14% to below 3%.
* The efficiency performance of scaled-up 100 square centimeter tandem devices.
📋 **Clip Abstract** CEA presents a scalable screen-printing metallization process using silver pastes that cure under 120°C to protect delicate perovskite-silicon tandem cells. This approach successfully reduces shading losses to under 3%, enabling 26.3% efficiency on scaled 100 cm² devices.
#PerovskiteSiliconTandems, #LowTemperatureScreenPrinting, #SilverPasteMetallization, #GridShadingReduction, #PrintedElectronics, #PerovskitePhotovoltaics
00:04:11.665 - 00:06:45.555
Can hybrid co-evaporation solve the challenge of uniform perovskite deposition on highly textured silicon wafers?
Can hybrid co-evaporation solve the challenge of uniform perovskite deposition on highly textured silicon wafers?
Laboratory spin-coating is the standard for high-performance perovskite solar cells, but it is completely incompatible with the high-throughput, large-area demands of industrial manufacturing. Scaling up is further complicated by the highly textured surface of commercial silicon bottom cells, which makes uniform liquid deposition incredibly difficult. A transition to vacuum-assisted or hybrid process routes is essential.
CEA has focused on a hybrid deposition route, starting with the co-evaporation of an inorganic matrix composed of lead iodide and cesium bromide. This initial dry vacuum step ensures a conformal, uniform coating across the textured silicon pyramids. This matrix is then converted into the active perovskite absorber phase using wet slot-die coating or doctor blading.
Controlling the porosity and morphology of the evaporated inorganic matrix is paramount for ensuring complete solvent infiltration and uniform crystallization. Using this hybrid approach, CEA achieved a 25% efficiency on 9 square centimeter devices without any surface passivation. Ongoing efforts are focused on replacing the remaining liquid steps with doctor blading and slot-die coating for full industrial readiness.
In this short video, you can learn:
* The technical limitations of spin coating when scaling up perovskite-silicon tandems.
* How co-evaporation of an inorganic matrix ensures conformal coverage on textured silicon.
* The role of matrix porosity and crystallization kinetics in hybrid perovskite processing.
📋 **Clip Abstract** This clip details CEA's hybrid deposition strategy that combines vacuum co-evaporation of an inorganic template with wet chemical conversion to bypass spin-coating. The process achieves a uniform, conformal perovskite absorber on textured silicon, yielding 25% efficiency on 9 cm² cells.
#HybridCoEvaporation, #TexturedSiliconTandems, #InorganicTemplateMatrix, #ConformalVacuumDeposition, #PerovskitePhotovoltaics, #TandemSolarCells