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Because of their high strength and lightweight, carbon-fiber-based composite materials are gradually replacing metals for advancing all kinds of products and applications, from airplanes to wind turbines to golf clubs. But there's a trade-off. Once damaged or compromised, the most commonly-used carbon fiber materials are nearly impossible to repair or recycle. In a paper published in the journal Carbon, a team of researchers describes a new type of carbon fiber reinforced material that is as strong and light as traditionally used materials but can be repeatedly healed with heat, reversing any fatigue damage. This also provides a way to break it down and recycle it when it reaches the end of its life. "Developing fatigue-resistant composites is a major need in the manufacturing community," said co-lead author Aniruddh Vashisth, University of Washington assistant professor of mechanical engineering. "In this paper, we demonstrate a material where either traditional heat sources or radio frequency heating can be used to reverse and postpone its aging process indefinitely." The material is part of a recently developed group known as carbon fiber reinforced vitrimer, named after the Latin word for glass, that shows a mix of solid and fluid properties. The materials typically used today, whether in sporting goods or aerospace, are carbon fiber reinforced polymers. Traditional carbon fiber reinforced polymers typically fall into two categories: thermoset or thermoplastic. The "set" variety contains an epoxy, a glue-like material where the chemical links holding it together harden permanently. The "plastic" version contains a softer type of glue so it can be melted back down and reworked, but this becomes a drawback for high strength and stiffness. Vitrimers on the other hand can link, unlink and relink, providing a middle ground between the two. agine each of these materials is a room full of people," Vashisth said. "In the thermoset room, all of the people are holding hands and won't let go. In the thermoplastic room, people are shaking hands and moving all around. In the vitrimer room, people shake hands with their neighbors but they have the capacity to exchange handshakes and make new neighbors so that the total number of interconnections remains the same. That reconnection is how the material gets repaired and this paper was the first to use atomic-scale simulations to understand the underlying mechanisms for those chemical handshakes." The research team believes vitrimers could be a viable alternative for many products currently manufactured from thermosets, something badly needed because thermoset composites have begun piling up in landfills. The team says that healable vitrimers would be a major shift toward a dynamic material with a different set of considerations in terms of life-cycle cost, reliability, safety, and maintenance. "These materials can translate the linear life cycle of plastics to a circular one, which would be a great step toward sustainability," said co-senior author Nikhil Koratkar, professor of mechanical, aerospace, and nuclear engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. For more information, visit: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/11/211104115358.htm https://www.me.washington.edu/news/article/2021-11-03/healable-carbon-fiber-composite https://www.materialstoday.com/composites/news/novel-carbon-fiber-composite-heal-heated/

The demand for the Internet of Things (IoT) is on the rise throughout society. Now, Ricoh’s flexible energy harvesting device efficiently generates power indoors or in shaded areas as a stand-alone power source for the constant operation of a variety of sensors. In September, Ricoh will start sample shipments of these devices. The flexible energy harvesting device, sized 41mm by 47mm, uses a unique power generation organic photovoltaic (OPV) material developed jointly in 2013 in an industry-academia collaboration with Kyushu University. The result is efficient power generation in a low-light environment, such as indoors (approximately 200 lx), and medium-light such as shaded outdoor areas (approximately 10,000 lx). In addition, the thin, lightweight, and bendable film can be mounted on IoT devices of various shapes. These devices can be used as stand-alone power sources for mobile and portable wearable terminals, beacons, and is ideal for social infrastructure monitoring devices, such as ones installed in tunnels and under bridges. This will make it unnecessary to replace batteries in a wide variety of small consumer electronic devices, which is expected to improve convenience and contribute to the Sustainable Development Goal “Affordable and Clean Energy”. Since the release of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) for indoor use in 2020, Ricoh aims to expand its product lineup as soon as possible by providing samples to IoT device manufacturers, service providers, and trading companies as the next environmental power generation device. Kyushu University and Ricoh will continue to collaborate on research and development to achieve even higher output and durability. For more information,visit : https://www.kyushu-u.ac.jp/en/notices/view/292

Science is now one step closer to bringing the glow-in-the-dark effect often used in signs and watches to a wider variety of applications without the need for rare metals. Applying a new strategy for combining carbon-based organic molecules, researchers at Kyushu University and the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST), both in Japan, have dramatically improved the length and strength of the glow produced by the versatile materials. As reported in a paper in Nature Materials, these novel organic materials have the potential to be more easily formed into paints and fibers than their rare-metal-containing counterparts. The new work builds off the same research group’s discovery in 2017 of the world’s first organic system for producing the glow-in-the-dark effect at room temperature by melting together two metal-free molecules. Formally known as persistent luminescence, the glow-in-the-dark phenomenon is also often referred to as phosphorescence, though this term is also applied to another emission mechanism commonly found in organic materials. While commercial glow-in-the-dark materials based on inorganic compounds containing rare-earth metals already achieve excellent performance, their inorganic nature often limits how they can be processed. “Organic materials are more readily available than rare-metal-containing inorganic materials, and their solubility makes them easier to process,” explains Chihaya Adachi, professor and leader of the research at Kyushu University. “In addition to new applications for light-storing materials such as inks, films, and fibers, we expect organics to also enable bio-imaging applications in the future.” However, the length and strength of the emission from the organic material they developed in 2017 were only about one-hundredth that of inorganic materials, and the glow was quickly extinguished in the presence of oxygen. “By changing our design strategy, we have now succeeded in improving the performance of organic persistent luminescence by about 10 times over our previous report,” says Ryota Kabe, assistant professor and leader of the research at OIST. At the heart of the emission, the mechanism is the excitation of a negatively charged electron into a state of higher energy by the absorption of light. Transfer of a lower-energy electron from a nearby donor molecule to fill the 'hole' left behind by the excited electron leads to one molecule having one electron more than normal and the other one less – a situation known as a charge-transfer state. Emission occurs when the excited electrons return to molecules missing an electron and give off their extra energy as light. So the key to achieving a long-lasting glow is to get the charges to separate by hopping between molecules, which slows down their eventual return. In this study, the researchers chose a material combination in which it is effectively the holes — the voids left by excited electrons –that hop between molecules, rather than electrons. Holes are generally more stable and less reactive with oxygen, so the light emission from the material was much longer in the air than was the case with their previous materials, where the excited electrons were mobile. By employing an absorbing material that could be excited with lower-energy light, the materials could not only be energized with ultraviolet light but also with green and even orange light. Additionally, the researchers were able to further stabilize the energy storage state by adding a third organic material that essentially traps the holes, delaying their return and extending the emission duration. “We have now succeeded in achieving a longer duration and emission under atmospheric conditions,” comments Kabe. “While performance is still below that of inorganic materials, we hope to achieve performance that exceeds that of inorganics with further research.” The researchers also hope that the organic materials developed in this research will help to expand and diversify sustainable industries without the need for rare metals. “Time and time again, we are finding that precise control of organic charge-transfer materials enables the expression of a variety of emission properties, not only for glow-in-the-dark applications but also organic LEDs and lasers. I look forward to the new possibilities that a further deepening of the science will bring in the future,” says Adachi. For more information, visit: https://www.kyushu-u.ac.jp/en/researches/view/222 https://www.materialstoday.com/optical-materials/news/new-organic-material-glows-in-the-dark/

Speaker: Mike Mastropietro | Company: ACI Materials | Date: 11-12 May 2021 | Full Presentation ACI will introduce to the world its Alchemy Conductive Inks. These high-performance printable conductors allow PTF ink like ease of use and processing with fired/sintered thick film electrical performance. The talk will describe some of the overall benefits of using these materials in manufacture of flexible and 3D printed electronics including: low volume resistivity and sheet resistance higher current carrying capacity lower cost per ohm square in use superior crease ability of narrow traces formulation latitude from viscous paste to sprayable Several examples will be presented including 3D circuit structures high resolution traces high power density busbars reflow solder ability Join TechBlick on an annual pass to join all live online conference or online version of onsite conference access library of on-demand talks (600 talks + PDFs) portfolio of expert led masterclass year-round platform https://www.techblick.com/ And do NOT miss our flagship event in Berlin on 17-18 OCT 2023 focused on Reshaping the Future of Electronics. This event attracts 550-600 participants from all the world and offers a superb ambience and dynamic exhibition floor. To learn more visit https://www.techblick.com/electronicsreshaped To see feedback about previous event see https://www.techblick.com/events-agenda

Scientists at Pohang University of Science and Technology in South Korea (POSTECH) have developed a sweat-collecting patch based on how cactus spines attract water. The patch, which responds quickly to biochemicals in sweat and enables the continuous monitoring of changes in sweat biochemicals according to their changes in the wearer's blood, could help diabetes patients who have to repeatedly draw blood, and could also find uses in wearable devices for daily healthcare monitoring. Sweat sensors are expected to be an effective wearable device for future non-invasive healthcare monitoring. Being able to capture sweat secretions is useful for analyzing bioanalytes in the body without the be need to draw blood, but can hampered by irregular and low sweat secretion rates. However, in this new study, which was reported in the journal Advanced Materials [Son et al. Adv. Mater. (2021) DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102740], a patch was developed that can be attached to the skin and quickly collects sweat by mimicking the principle behind cactus spines. As cacti grow in dry environments, they have to transport water droplets that form on the tip of their spines to their base to help them survive. In this process, the water droplets move because of the difference in pressure acting on the inside and outside of the curved surface of the water droplet, a phenomenon called Laplace pressure. This principle was used to mimic the structure of the cactus spine with wedge-shaped wettability patterns with superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces, which allowed sweat droplets on the wedge-patterned surface to spontaneously move to the wide end of the wedge pattern. This was due to the Laplace pressure difference between the front and back surfaces of the droplet being maximized. These wedge-patterned channels collect sweat quickly and spontaneously regardless of the slope of the microfluidic channels and do not require additional force. The wedge-patterned channel also shows useful sweat-collecting efficiency as it transports almost all sweat droplets to the sensing area without leaving much inside the channel. This means it can collect sweat much faster than the conventional microfluidic channels to continuously monitor the bioanalytes, and the patch, therefore, offers good sweat-collecting efficiency and reduces how long is needed to fill the sensing area by transporting sweat. As team leader Kilwon Cho said, “Difficulties in collecting sweat have hindered its use in wearable healthcare devices. This newly developed patch solves that issue by quickly collecting sweat and facilitating its use in various wearable healthcare devices, including blood sugar monitoring.” For more information, visit: https://www.materialstoday.com/materials-chemistry/news/wearable-sweat-sensor-for-healthcare-monitoring?utm_campaign=STMJ_157877_ALERT&utm_medium=email&utm_acid=143637623&SIS_ID=&dgcid=STMJ_157877_ALERT&CMX_ID=&utm_in=DM209837&utm_source=AC_

The perovskite electronic shelf label (PESL) is the second product from Saule Technologies (Warsaw, Poland) using perovskite photovoltaic cells, the first being large-size cells designed for building façades. The new pioneering solution represents the IoT category – it is an intelligent system for operating electronic labels. Importantly, unlike traditional ESLs, it is powered not by a battery but by a perovskite photovoltaic cell. Electronic labels with their own practically inexhaustible power source, not requiring the costly and time-consuming battery replacement, are not only cheaper and more convenient to use than the traditional ESLs, but also offer energy efficiency and enable resigning from batteries that are very harmful to the environment. And this is an important step in the implementation of the sustainable development strategy. Using perovskite photovoltaic cells, PESLs are a breakthrough solution also in view of their unique capabilities to communicate with customers of retail stores. They significantly reduce product labeling time and ‒ most importantly ‒ allow real-time price verification. Perovskite photovoltaic cells from Saule Technologies, while being far more efficient than, for instance, the amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells used in calculators, display high efficiency also in artificial light. As they continue to work efficiently even when the rays of light fall at a big angle ‒ as is the case with pendant lamps ‒ they can supply power to products arranged on lower shelves. In addition, unlike silicon solar cells, they are very thin, light-weight, and flexible. Given these unique properties, perovskite photovoltaic cells do not occupy much space on PESLs, yet they are so efficient that they can power the electronic devices that operate them, including the display and the wireless communication module. This enables remotely changing the messages displayed on the label even several times a day, which facilitates, for instance, the sales of products with approaching expiration dates. “With PESLs, retail chains will be able to quickly reduce the prices of food products that are nearing their ‘best before dates. This will prevent huge amounts of food from being wasted, which is a world where so many people still go hungry appears unaffordable. The new trading tools provided by PESLs will let us save millions of tonnes of food each year,” said Olga Malinkiewicz, CTO of Saule Technologies. The new technology will open the way for various hitherto unavailable marketing and advertising tools. For instance, stores will be able to launch casual short-term (e.g. hour-long) price discounts on selected products to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty. With just one click Together with the labels, Saule Technologies also provides comprehensive integrated IT and hardware systems using PESL-enabled data transmitters, as well as cloud-based computational and analytical capabilities. Initial PESL technology tests will be carried out in cooperation with Google Cloud Platform. As the operation process is simple, price changes can be introduced centrally and synchronously across all retail stores within the chain. “It is stunning what this solution can do with just one click. It makes it possible to change prices of products arranged on millions of shelves, in thousands of shops”, noted Artur Kupczunas, CEO of Saule Technologies. The first IoT-category product from Saule Technologies The PESL developed and produced by Saule Technologies, a global perovskite technology leader based in Poland, is equipped with an e-ink (bi- or tri-color) display, a wireless communication module, and a perovskite photovoltaic cell as the power source. Saule Technologies offers PESLs in a diversified range of shapes, colors, and sizes (from 1.54” to 12.5”). Along with the price, they can display text and graphics, thus serving as an effective platform for conveying additional messages: advertisements, special discount announcements, loyalty campaigns, and many more. With an option of remotely (wirelessly) modifying the display content up to 15 times a day, the PESL life span is approximately 10 years. For more information, visit: https://sauletech.com/perovskite-electronic-shelf-labels-as-a-new-tool-for-the-fmcg-retail-sector%e2%80%8b/

TechBlick, the leading platform for emerging technologies, has announced that it will hold its first physical event in Eindhoven on 12 & 13 October 2022. TechBlick LIVE, The Future of Electronics RESHAPED will be a 2-day conference and table-top exhibition on re-shaping the future of electronics focusing on the key topics of printed, flexible, additive, hybrid, wearable, textile, 3D, structural and in-mold electronics. This cutting-edge event will attract the global community from innovators and material suppliers to equipment makers, manufacturers and end-users - who will all gather in Eindhoven to reshape the future of electronics. Khasha, CEO & Founder of TechBlick said "we are responding to overwhelming demand from our members and exhibitors to host a physical event. We have an outstanding reputation for the quality of our agenda and this will continue in Eindhoven with a world-class speaker programme. We will of course be continuing with our popular year-round virtual platform too". The event takes place on the High Tech Campus in Eindhoven known as the smartest km in Europe. It is an ecosystem of over 235 high tech companies and home to over 12,000 innovators, researchers and engineers creating the technologies for the businesses of tomorrow. As part of the event, TechBlick will be hosting tours to some of the innovative companies working on the campus. "We are so excited to be hosting our first physical event. Along with a superb speaker programme, we will be having a vibrant table-top exhibition with around 45 exhibitors. We will be focusing on networking opportunities for the 350 plus attendees and ensuring that everyone can enjoy meeting face to face again in a safe environment" said Chris Clare, Event Director at TechBlick. For further information please click here or email Chris Clare at Chris@TechBlick.com

Stanford Medicine researchers created an algorithm to notify smartwatch wearers of stress, capturing events such as air travel, extended exercise, and illness. Using data from smartwatches, a new algorithm reads heart rate as a proxy for physiological or mental stress, potentially alerting wearers they’re falling ill before they have symptoms. Researchers led by Michael Snyder, Ph.D., professor and chair of genetics, have enrolled thousands of participants in a study that employs the algorithm to look for extended periods during which heart rate is higher than normal — a telltale sign that something may be amiss. But figuring out what may be wrong takes a little sleuthing. During the study, many stressors triggered an alert. Some folks received them while traveling; some while running a marathon; others after over-indulging at the bar. The most exciting finding, Snyder said, was that the algorithm was able to detect 80% of confirmed COVID-19 cases before or when participants were symptomatic. “The idea is for people to eventually use this information to decide whether they need to get a COVID-19 test or self-isolate,” Snyder said. “We’re not there yet — we still need to test this in clinical trials — but that’s the ultimate goal.” The algorithm can’t differentiate between someone who’s knocked back a few too many, someone’s who’s stressed because of work, and someone who’s ill with a virus. Although it pinged users who had COVID-19, more refining is needed before people can depend on their smartwatches to warn them of an impending infection with SARS-CoV-2 or other viruses. A paper "Real-time alerting system for COVID-19 and other stress events using wearable data" detailing the study was published online in Nature Medicine on Nov. 29. The alert system was built using MyPHD, a scalable, secure platform for health data. Stress detection During the study, which ran for about eight months in 2020 and 2021, 2,155 participants donned a smartwatch, which tracked mental and physical “stress events” via heart rate. When notified of a stress event, through an alert paired with an app on their phone, participants recorded what they were doing. To trigger an alert, their heart rate needed to be elevated for more than a few hours, so a quick jog around the block or a sudden loud noise didn’t set it off. “What’s great about this is people can contextualize their alerts,” Snyder said. “If you’re traveling via airline and you receive an alert, you know that air travel is likely the culprit.” If, however, you’re sitting on the couch with a cup of chamomile tea and you receive an alert, that may be a sign that something else — an infection, perhaps — is brewing. Snyder hopes wearers will be able to discern when an alert means they should consider getting tested. Of 84 people who were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the study, the algorithm flagged 67. Most alerts fell into other categories, such as travel, eating a large meal, menstruation, mental stress, intoxication, or non-COVID-19 infections. The algorithm also flagged a period of stress after many participants received a COVID-19 vaccine, reflecting the uptick in immune response prompted by the shot. Refining the algorithm. As Snyder and the team recruit more participants into the study, they’re planning to hone the specificity of the alerts by adding data — including step count, sleep patterns, and body temperature — in the hope that data patterns can correspond to and flag distinct stress events. In addition, the researchers plan to run a clinical trial to determine if the alerts can reliably detect a COVID-19 infection and be used to guide medical choices. For more information, visit: https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2021/11/smartwatch-stress-alert-covid-19.html

In the development and manufacturing of microfluidic consumables bonding is often a challenge as well as an essential process that must be scalable and cost-efficient. Other parameters that are critical for this process are that the bond is stable and does not leak. Imaging often plays an important role especially in diagnostic testing, so the optical properties of a bonded part are also often of importance. As the consumable will likely be in contact with biological materials it is often required to eliminate the contact to glues or keep it to a minimum. At Axxicon we developed a bonding process that addresses these challenges and is based on a precision printing process using modified UV glues. The glue will be printed in a defined pattern around the microfluidic structures. The process is defined in three steps: 1. Designing The print design is custom-made per product and is completely adaptable. Creating a design can be done as early as in the design for manufacturing phase (DFM) of the product. There are only a few limitations that need to be kept in mind. Because of the printing technique used there is minimal space required between microfluidic features. And adding alignment features increases the level of accuracy to 3-5µm on x- and y-axis. Printing Using alignment features makes it possible to print on complex structures and non-conform outer shapes of products with very high precision. The printing process is optimized per product. By tweaking the design and parameters it is possible to control the flow of the adhesive after printing to prevent flowing into the channel. The type of composition of the adhesive can be changed to match the application’s requirements. 2. Printing Using alignment features makes it possible to print on complex structures and non-conform outer shapes of products with very high precision. The printing process is optimized per product. By tweaking the design and parameters it is possible to control the flow of the adhesive after printing to prevent flowing into the channel. The type or composition of the adhesive can be changed to match the application’s requirements. 3. Curing Bonding is done in a press that is custom-made. With the help of guiding plates, it is possible to bond the parts very accurately on the outer dimensions of the product. The microfluidic slides will be pressed together with controlled force and alignment. After this, they will be exposed to UV light. The press is controlled with a Programmable logic controller (PLC), which takes away the human error. An array of parameters can be modified to achieve the wanted bond and consider the duration or intensity of the UV light. Commercial properties Axxicon’s UV-adhesive-based bonding technique has strong advantages when it comes to scalability. The printing technology can easily be upscaled to a situation where it could be integrated into an automated production line and can be done in one movement. For low production volumes, it can be done manually, the cycle time of this is around 60 seconds, depending on the design and size of the product. • At medium production volumes (10k and up batches) it can be upscaled to a semi-automatic process where the cycle time lowers to ~30-40 seconds. • At high production volumes, an in-line process can be set up. The cycle time per product then reaches the speed of injection moulding products from 10-15 seconds. The cost of the adhesive itself has very little impact on the cost of the consumable as it is below 0.1 cents per bonded sample. The shelf-life after bonding is 12+ months. For more information, visit: https://info.axxicon.com/whitepaper-uv-bonding?utm_campaign=A%20%7C%20UV%20Bonding%20whitepaper&utm_content=188853764&utm_medium=social&utm_source=linkedin&hss_channel=lcp-72596

FOM Technologies is now a subcontractor of advanced equipment for the Power-to-X technology. This is done through the delivery of slot-die equipment to Danish Haldor Topsøe, which is one of the leading international players in the areas of energy storage and green fuels. FOM sees a great future commercial potential in the Power-to-X technology and its application, in connection with the global transition to a fossil-free world. FOM Technologies is proud to announce the company’s first Danish commercial customer. This is achieved by Haldor Topsøe awarding FOM an order for the company’s flagship slot-die coater. The equipment will be used in the development of Power-to-X technology, which includes energy storage of electricity from wind turbines, which is then converted to hydrogen or other future fuels. CEO of FOM Technologies Michael Stadi says: “It is a great honor to supply equipment for a Danish technological pioneer throughout decades. Haldor Topsøe is a world leader in their field, and we see an exciting future global potential in the Power-to-X technology, which is still in its infancy. With December just ahead of us, we will do our utmost to ensure that our equipment is delivered before Christmas. For more information, visit: https://www.fomtechnologies.com/news/fom-technologies-signs-first-power-to-x-equipment-contract?utm_campaign=Investor%20related%20content&utm_content=189621125&utm_medium=social&utm_source=linkedin&hss_channel=lcp-2756722

New EverVolt 2.0 Home Battery delivers enhanced customization, flexible design, and outdoor-rated performance for energy-conscious consumers Panasonic announced the latest innovation in its robust solar energy portfolio of Total Home Energy Solution offerings, the EverVolt™ 2.0. A result of Panasonic’s ongoing commitment to developing advanced solar and energy storage technologies, EverVolt 2.0 offers enhancements for greater customization and features a convenient modular footprint and weatherproof design. The new EverVolt 2.0 provides continuous power output of 7.6 kW off-grid a and 9.6 kW with grid, enough to power an average household load, and boasts two energy storage capacity 17.1 kWh or 25.65 kWh (usable capacity) per system. The system can be AC- and DC-coupled, allowing it to work with both new and existing solar energy systems. EverVolt 2.0 is comprised of two primary components: the floor-standing battery cabinet and a hybrid smart inverter with 4 MPPTs, and offers simple installation and flexible placement either inside or outside, thanks to its weatherproof design with an outdoor protection rating of IP55 (NEMA 3R). Other features of the Panasonic EverVolt 2.0 Home Battery include: A modular design that allows homeowners to tailor their energy storage solution to their needs; up to three systems can be stacked together to obtain more power output and energy storage capacity Multiple operating modes, including back-up mode, residential mode, time-of-use mode, and custom modes which can be set by the system owner Up to 12kW of solar can be tied to the EverVolt inverter – for both supplying to the loads and charging the batteries Field serviceability A new user-friendly mobile app that allows homeowners to monitor the system data and set the operating mode An optional wireless color LCD display, which provides visibility into battery monitoring data and control over system settings “Innovations in energy storage have never been more exciting—and necessary--than they are today,” said Mukesh Sethi, Director of Solar and Energy Storage at Panasonic. “As part of our ongoing commitment to providing top-notch solar and storage solutions for homeowners, the Panasonic EverVolt 2.0boasts new features that not only meet the needs of energy-conscious homeowners but support broader sustainability goals. The recently announced federal goals for nationwide solar adoption, paired with consumers’ increasing desire for resiliency, only underscore the necessity for solar and storage solutions like this.” Backed by more than a century of Panasonic innovation, EverVolt 2.0 is protected by Panasonic’s 10-year product and performance warranty when installed by a Certified EverVolt Installer. The EverVolt 10-year warranty is one of the best in its class for homeowners. For more information, visit: https://na.panasonic.com/us/news/panasonic-launches-next-generation-solar-energy-battery-storage-system-evervolttm-20 https://na.panasonic.com/us/evervolt

First Graphene Limited (ASX: FGR; “First Graphene” or “the Company”) is pleased to announce the achievement of a critical milestone on its program to develop high-performing supercapacitor materials. Previously, the Company reported that high capacitance “hybrid active materials” could be successfully scaled using its unique electrochemical process technology. These novel materials demonstrated high capacitance per unit area when tested in a simple cell prototype. Recent work has focused on the development of an optimized bill of materials for a supercapacitor device to deliver a high energy and power densities. First Graphene is now pleased to announce that following multiple laboratory trials, the Company has demonstrated that in a standard test cell, PureGRAPH® hybrid active materials outperform leading activated carbon materials over 100 cycles. Figure 1 shows the PureGRAPH® hybrid active materials have a specific capacitance of 140 farads per gram (F/g) while activated carbon cells typically have a specific capacitance of 35 F/g. This clearly demonstrates that PureGRAPH® hybrid active materials can be successfully formulated into an electrode slurry for use in device manufacture, retaining their high specific capacitance and operating at high charge/discharge rates. A detailed literature review indicates that further progress to higher power density and energy density devices requires the development of improved supercapacitor devices. The research focus switched to an improved bill of materials for the device, which includes enhanced electrolytes and separators. Published research indicates that an optimized cell with high capacitance operating at high voltage can achieve the “10 plus 10” target of power density above 10kW/L and energy density above 10Wh/L. Alternative electrolytes have been tested by the Company to deliver high power and energy densities. In an initial test with a dense, protic, aqueous electrolyte to enable a higher voltage window, First Graphene demonstrated an increase in energy density of 85 percent. Further electrolyte modifications are currently under development and the Company has established relationships with leading experts in cell design and electrolyte materials. By identifying ideal PureGRAPH® hybrid active materials and electrolyte combinations, First Graphene anticipates world-leading performance with power density greater than 10kW/L and energy density greater than 10Wh/L. Commercialization Having demonstrated a significant improvement in performance over activated carbon, First Graphene is now in a strong position to develop commercial partnerships with large supercapacitor manufacturing companies globally looking to develop the next generation of supercapacitors. There are currently no agreements in place or an assessment of economic impact available yet. This is a key technological breakthrough for the Company, which allows improved access to a completely new market segment globally. The market and applications The supercapacitor device market is projected to grow from US$409 million in 2020 to US$720 million by 2025 at an expected CAGR of 12.0 percent. The growth of the market is driven by increasing demand in energy harvesting applications and the rising use of supercapacitors in trains and aircraft. Moreover, the increasing global demand for electric vehicles is likely to fuel the growth of the market. Potential large volume applications include twinned supercapacitor-battery power supplies in which the supercapacitor provides peak power smoothing during acceleration or regenerative braking, reducing the load on the batteries and extending battery life. The Company has completed a thorough review of supercapacitor devices, including desktop analysis and device testing of available high-performing devices. Current best-in-class devices have power density above 10 kW/L and energy density above 5 Wh/L. To achieve this, the cell must have high specific capacitance and the ability to operate in a high voltage window. Energy storage technologies Supercapacitors, which are based on electrical double layer capacitance (EDLC), offer rapid charging and discharging giving a high-power density. These supercapacitors usually use activated carbon as a high surface area charge storage medium. They do not depend on a chemical reaction as they work on charge separation within the device. This means EDLC supercapacitors are stable and can typically withstand many charge/discharge cycles. For electric vehicles (EVs), an ideal energy storage device combines a chemical battery with high energy density (to enable long-range driving) coupled with a supercapacitor that can rapidly charge and discharge to effectively manage periods where high power is needed for relatively short times, such as when starting and stopping. This will extend the battery life and ultimately extend the range of the vehicle. An ideal route to this combined system is via pseudocapacitor technology, where charge storage occurs through the electrical double layer capacitance mechanism and rapid redox reactions between the ions in the electrolyte and the active materials on the electrode surface. Pseudocapacitance can significantly increase the performance of a supercapacitor. First Graphene’s PureGRAPH® hybrid active materials have been shown to be an enabler to achieving pseudocapacitance. First Graphene Managing Director and CEO Michael Bell said: “We continue to make good progress in the rapidly emerging market for energy storage materials. We have proven that we can manufacture robust, high capacitance materials based on our PureGRAPH® products. Our next challenge is to optimize performance with other device components, with a particular focus on a suitable electrolyte. We have established important strategic relationships to do this.” For more information, visit: https://firstgraphene.net/graphene-based-supercapacitor-materials-deliver-85-improvement-in-energy-density-levels/#_ftnref1